In The Planned Invasion Of Normandy Essay

In The Planned Invasion Of Normandy Essay In The Planned Invasion Of Normandy Essay Sparing Private Ryan is a film about an American family who had lost three of their four children in the fight during World War II, and the quest for the final child. Chief John Miller was sent on the salvage group to spare Private James Ryan, the fourth and just residual sibling. Notwithstanding, this strategic difficult; discovering him was extremely hard, yet enduring tanks and adversary slugs was more earnestly. â€Å"Eventually, they found Ryan, however when they request that he leave, he won't. He said that he was unable to leave his unit, who was appointed to hold a key bridge† (worldwariifilms). Mill operator chose to assist him with protecting his position. On the off chance that they succeeded, they could spare both Private Ryan and his position, be that as it may, sadly, they discovered Miller’s body lying on among the war zone. This was what the film Saving Private Ryan let us know. This film is a genuine history of D-Day the day that the U.S. military attac ked Normandy. This film has a trace of validity in that it finds the territory of the war zone and the date of D-Day, however it is to some degree erroneous in that there was never an administrator Private Ryan or a Captain John Miller. Discussing the exactness of this film, when we watch the main scene, â€Å"this film precisely depicts the abhorrences of war.† (amankarios1). The projectiles from the German soldiers are shot to the U.S. military that is on the LCVPs pontoon as the substantial downpour. In the consequence of attempting to land the military, â€Å"the blood splashed sand, bodies killed along the shore, and the bleeding sea tide carry the film scene to life†(amankarios1) on June 6, 1944. Thinking about the garbs of each side, for the U.S. Armed force the garbs are genuinely exact the caps, battle soldiers’ jeans and shirts, likewise the weapons they use, â€Å"especially the 101st Airborne outfits and patch.†(amankarios1). The arrangement i s additionally precise, we gain from the film that the entirety of the troopers will attempt to move to higher ground and take over Pointe-du-Hoc. At that point they will storm Omaha Beach; as a sign that the war will start. Also, one of the most precise pieces of the film is the manner by which it depicts the injuries of each fighter. One lost his arm or the two arms. One lost his legs. One could see his guts liver, stomach, or digestive system. Many were shouting or crying and attempting to recover their organs in. Likewise this film precisely depicts the hardships and obstructions that officers need to confront. Both mental and physical issue assault their dauntlessness and inspiration. During their central goal, they lose individual troopers consistently. â€Å"David Kenyon Webster, a warrior in the Parachute Infantry depicted a circumstance with him and an individual officer with the other fighter being harmed and requesting that Webster leave him behind† (amankarios1). Then again, a few scenes of this film are misrepresented. The first is when Captain John Miller drives the salvage of Private Ryan. Truth be told, it would nearly be difficult to track down somebody among a huge amount of troops and groups. We can expect that this group was fortunate, else it was extremely able in following somebody behind foe line. The subsequent mistake is that the name Captain John Miller isn't genuine. There is no such name showing up throughout the entire existence of D-Day. That implies this salvage group isn't genuine. Likewise â€Å"many of the littler fights either went anonymous or had imaginary names. The last clash of the film was at ‘Rommelle’ which really didn't exist, in actuality. Rommel was really a German Field Commander during World War II.† (discoveryuk). Exceptional, a fundamental imaginary character Private Ryan himself is additionally made by an executive. This name, just as Miller, never existed ever, nor is he at any poin t saved by this made-up salvage group. Be that as it may, â€Å"there is a man named Frederick ‘Fritz’ Niland from the 101st Airborne Division, who Private Ryan is displayed after.†(discoveryuk). In like manner, Fritz is one of four siblings whose three more seasoned siblings were executed during World War II, two at Utah Beach and one at Burma. In any case, there is no report that he was saved by any

Read 4 chapter of book and answer 4 question Essay

Peruse 4 section of book and answer 4 inquiry - Essay Example There exist two ways of thinking on the viability of data innovation in correspondence, with one school contending that data innovation has upgraded hierarchical correspondence while the second gathering contending contrary to that stand. In this area, a contentious investigation of the different sides of contentions will be given to determine the advantages and negative marks of data innovation in correspondence. The development and headway in data innovation has given a superior medium to correspondence to most associations as it permits access to a tremendous data which can be viably given to end beneficiaries. Associations today utilize the web and messages as the viable methods for correspondence with different representatives as it permits the exchange of mass data at a tick. Messages have today supplanted the custom postal administrations, printed inward, notices, fax correspondence and the utilization of delivery people. Nonetheless, the rivals of expanded utilization of data innovation in correspondences in associations contend that the data that can be moved with this medium is profoundly boundless making it conceivable to send a ton inside a brief timeframe. This, as indicated by their contentions, results into circumstances where the representatives utilize a great deal of their working hours perusing the data sent in their sends. This has the capability of fundamentally diminishing the profitability of the association as office and working hours are spent understanding sends and virtual inner reminders (George and Jones, 2012). The defenders of the proceeded with utilization of data innovation to improve hierarchical correspondence focuses to expanded effectiveness with which correspondence process in associations have been upgraded. Prior to the development and headway in data innovation, associations would be compelled to make huge volume printouts of their instructional booklets, documentation, pamphlets, legitimate prerequisites and whatever ot her report that ought to be utilized by the representatives. This expanded the expense of activity for such associations, as correspondence was manual and tedious. The development of data innovation as a methods for correspondence has empowered associations to post significant records in their sites from where the representatives can access from their various workstations. The reviewed money related reports of the organization are likewise made accessible for the various partners to access from the solace of their workplaces and homes by just getting to the company’s site. This headway has in this way prompted cancelation of yearly presenting of profit gives an account of hierarchical investors as they can be messaged the records at an a lot less expensive cost (George and Jones, 2012). With progresses in correspondence, associations have been empowered to make login entrances for their representatives and providers. This has empowered the administration of these associations and their representatives to collaborate on an increasingly customized however virtual level that improves efficiency inside the association. Various representatives are along these lines doled out various jobs for all intents and purposes which are then presented on their gateways and correspondence affected through a comparable framework. This application is regular in banks and organizations that have introduced intranet benefits inside their frameworks. The intranets likewise permit associations to store

Assessing the Impact of Macroeconomic Policies on the Economy Essays

Evaluating the Impact of Macroeconomic Policies on the Economy Essays Evaluating the Impact of Macroeconomic Policies on the Economy Essay Evaluating the Impact of Macroeconomic Policies on the Economy Essay Branch of modern relations and open organization Lagos state college, Ojo, Nigeria.. Unique The system of banking division changes prompting recapitalization and union in Nigeria and the ensuing merger and additionally procurement of existing banks into twenty five (25) by 2005, and later eighteen (18) by 2012 brought along their path orderly work issues as far as instructive assorted variety, professional stability and efficiency, average business questions.The study survey post union execution of the financial area to evaluate the degree to which the segment meets combination target utilizing post advancement approach. It was discovered that while the collusion and marriage of apparently good accomplices are settling down, the general public is forced to bear the severance of work and the development of the pool of saved armed force of the jobless. The drop out along these lines is twofold edge for the economy and the general public. Catchphrases: Labor changes, recapitalization, c ombination and post improvement 1. 0Introduction Private and open organizations are ceaselessly being tested by execution. Execution achievement is insignificant estimated on the records of what Alos (2006) indexed as: what the client needs and qualities, reaction to ecological changes and effect on the nature of the individuals. The issue of execution viability or reengineering association has engrossed the brains of association experts, analysts and watchers since 1990s. In this manner, everywhere throughout the world, numerous economies had done different changes to guarantee adequacy of the 166 European Scientific JournalMay version vol. 8, No. 9 ISSN: 1857 †7881 (Print) e ISSN 1857-7431 genuine areas. The presentation insurgency began in the private segment. Its belongings spread to the open segment impacted by thoughts from open administration school. Nigeria as a country isn't forgotten about in this change insurgency to guarantee personal satisfaction for its populace. Legitimate and institutional structures were set up to re-engineer the economy and the presentation estimations of the genuine areas. The blue print of the present changes motivation is set out in the National Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy (NEEDS) document.Some of the changes incorporate (1)power area change; (2) ports changes intended to guarantee auspicious freeing from merchandise inside forty eight hours (3) deregulation of oil and gas sub-segment to hinder enduring fuel shortage; (4) deregulation in the media transmission industry to decrease government interest, make business and trade (5) the financial sub-segment/recapitalization/combination to make it assume its legitimate job as the prevailing part of the economy in driving development and advancement in other division. The present financial segment changes inscribed as recapitalization arrangement was given out on Tuesday July 6, 2004.Capitalization is setting the capital base whereupon a player can set up and be authorized to work banking capacities. It is setting a capital base which was given as twenty five billion naira (N25b) as at 2005. The previous capital base was two billion Naira (N2b), which numerous banks couldn't bear. In Nigeria, observational investigations had been completed on the connection between banking changes and monetary development (Balogun, 2007, Fadare, 2010); solidification and large scale financial execution (see Somoye, 2008); combination and selection of e-banking (Ayo, Adewoye and Oni 2010; Chimeke, Evwiekpaefe, and Chete, 2006).The ramifications of banking changes on work has hardly been explored. The fundamental target of this examination is to survey the financial area changes 2004 †2011 and the degree to which the destinations set are met and furthermore, the ramifications of the changes on work as respects business: security, not too bad business, employees’ fulfillment and the results of these factors for the general public. 2. 0 Lite rature Review and Theoretical Framework Consolidation just intends to expand on or improve to the degree of steadiness Adeyemi (2007) considers it to speak to the possibility of speculation and the meeting up of firms or undertakings as a solitary entity.In the financial part of Nigeria the quintessence of banking combination 167 European Scientific Journal May version vol. 8, No. 9 ISSN: 1857 †7881 (Print) e ISSN 1857-7431 is to reposition the countries banking industry for worldwide seriousness and furthermore to guarantee a solid and dependable financial area that will ensure the wellbeing of the depositors’ cash. Union as a methods for lessening over limit is suspicious (Somoye 2008).The adequacy of banking division combination as a solution for money related strength and in rectifying the deformities in the monetary segment for practical improvement had not been confirmed by comparable exercise in Europe, America and Asia in the most recent decade (Somoye, 2008). Or maybe, emergencies and disappointments as delineated by credit emergencies and transoceanic home loan budgetary disturbance emitted which, in Nigeria, truly influenced put away cash esteems explicitly, stock values.Rather than rebuilding prompting decrease in over limit as showed by solidification theological rationalists, an improvement procedure that would suit the assets accessible and grow them is upheld by inside instigated combination defenders. The financial sub-segment in Nigeria saw sharp drop in credit rate to the genuine division which influenced return on shareholders’ subsidize (Adeyemi, 2007). Credit went more to outside trade instead of the genuine divisions. The limit of genuine division to create business weakened.The access of little and medium endeavors (SMES) and the casual areas to credit likewise dwindled (Somoye, 2008; NDIC, 2008; CBN, 2008). Organizing to the financial specialists is adjusting to the requests of progressively worldwide markets for mor e prominent efficiencies. Humanist consistently see the social effect, explicitly the social issues caused by externalities which brings about social interruption particularly the negative consequences for level of employer stability, duty, mental prosperity and turnover intentions.The impact of these on association effectiveness, as opposed to reformist hypothesis might be negative. Matanmi (2005) saw a yawning hole between the quick or momentary impacts of financial changes and the vital beliefs of employer stability. He presumed that the capacity of changes to make work over the most recent multi decade had been not very many and far between. Adeyemi (2007) likewise concurred that financial changes in Nigeria brought about occupation misfortune, fluctuation level of pay and compensation bundle for various consolidating gatherings and board room quarrels among clubs of the blending banks. . 1 Theoretical Framework Post improvement approach is a response to the dilema of advancemen t. Rather than bounty, talk and methodologies of improvement produce its inverse: underdevelopment and 168 European Scientific Journal May version vol. 8, No. 9 ISSN: 1857 †7881 (Print) e ISSN 1857-7431 impoverishment, untold misuse and suppression. (Sidaway 2008). The post improvement defender guarantee that change achieved by innovation or driven by the west would constantly meet with dissatisfaction with respect to the individuals of creating nations. 2. 2Banking Sector Reforms in Nigeria Banking activities started in 1892 possessed predominantly by ostracizes (Somoye, 2008). They remained anyway unregulated until 1952 (Fadare, 2010). There were developments with indigenous proprietorship by 1950s. In any case, a considerable lot of the banks bombed somewhere in the range of 1947 and 1952. The principal guideline of banks was set up by Banking Ordinance of 1952. This was insufficient as there was no Central Bank until 1958 to complete overseeing or control measures. Bank pro prietorship structure moved by 1970s with indigenization order. This permits increasingly Nigerian interest in the banking industry.The Nigerian endeavors advancement Decree (NEPD) limits outside responsibility for organizations to 60% in 1972 and 40% in 1976. The 1990’s change considered 100% individual possession which was a move from existing 10% for singular proprietorship and 30% for corporate possession. This prompted the expansion of banks. Banking sub segment recapitalization arrangement was given out on Tuesday, July 6, 2004. Capitalization is setting the capital base whereupon a player can set up and be authorized to work banking capacities. Recapitalization is setting another capital base.The substance is to merge the segment to improve intensity and ability to assume significant job of financing speculation (Somoye, 2008). Solidification which may bring about increment in bank size through merger and securing has the capability of expanding bank returns through in crement income and cost proficiency gains. It might likewise decrease industry chances through the disposals of frail banks and make better enhancement openings (Furlong, 1998). Recapitalization approaches set twenty five billion Naira (N25b) as the new least capital base for banks working in Nigeria.The previous capital base was two billion naira (N2b) and numerous banks couldn't meet this. The goal of recapitalization is caught in the legislative head of Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Charles Soludos words accordingly the financial change is to: (1) reposition the countries banking industry for worldwide seriousness; (2) guarantee a solid and dependable financial segment that will ensure the security of the contributors cash; (3) assume dynamic improvement job in the nations’ economy; 169 European Scientific Journal May version vol. 8, No. 9 ISSN: 1857 †7881 (Print) ISSN 1857-7431 (4) (5) make the banks less subject to open area support, and be equipped for financing th e genuine part (New Age Apri17, 2005). A period

Disney Strategic Initiative Paper Essays

Disney Strategic Initiative Paper Essays Disney Strategic Initiative Paper Essay Disney Strategic Initiative Paper Essay Disney Strategic Initiative Paper Tammy Adams, Kecia Darnell, Chelsea Hensley, Elizabeth Munns, and Zameika Williams University of Phoenix FIN 370 Professor Stephen Beadnell October 18, 2010 Strategic Initiative Paper Introduction This paper will address the vital and money related arranging related with the tasks of Disney. What's more, the paper will show the connection among's vital and money related arranging. The effect of the organization’s activity costs, deals, and related dangers the association experiences during the budgetary and vital arranging will be tended to. In this manner, the budgetary arranging process gives a device to getting ready for the future working-capital necessities of the firm. † (Keown, 2005) The Walt Disney Company as of now has numerous vital plans in real life; in 2005 the Company’s CEO, Robert Iger, requested a rebuilding of their Corporate Strategic Planning Division. The key arranging division is currently being joined into ea ch of Disney’s four fragments which incorporate Studio Entertainment, Parks and Resorts, Consumer Products and Media Networks, just as Disney’s International Organization. They are likewise using littler gatherings concentrating on creating Disney’s multi year plan just as obtaining openings, new innovations, and developing organizations. â€Å"Strategic arranging will keep on assuming a significant job in distinguishing the chances and difficulties introduced to our organization as we develop our administration position as the most important amusement brand in the world,† said Mr. Iger in his 2005 declaration of the rebuilding venture (News Release, para. 3). Vital getting ready for The Walt Disney Company (2005) has been â€Å"an fundamental impetus to Disney’s development by distinguishing new chances and extending existing business† (News Release, para. 4). They are utilizing this new structure to make productivity, responsibility, and strengthening in the progressing endeavors of every specialty unit pioneer to make new diversion encounters which will eventually create all the more long haul an incentive for investors (The Walt Disney Company, 2005). Their vital arranging strategies have worked for a long time, and a rebuilding carried more regard for a territory of monetary arranging that is critical. Disney’s endeavors to remain at the leader of the market have absolutely demonstrated to be powerful just as useful. Because of rebuilding and making different divisions inside Disney, the organization’s monetary arranging is proficient. The association has recognized monetary objectives, organized those objectives, and built up a budgetary arrangement by utilizing the inheritance data to decide the organization’s money related gauge. The association centers around key connections that will give extra assets to the business, and make a positive benefit. The key arranging division was destroyed to make a progressively proficient activity. The association utilized essential data made by the key arranging division to have a gainful future. â€Å"The vital arranging unit was molded by Mr. Eisner and others at Disney to make a unique pressure between the units and the corporate suite. Be that as it may, as the specialty units became throughout the years, the administrators who ran them abraded under key plannings oversight. † (Holson, 2005) One specific territory that Disney might affect Disney expenses and deals is with online film watchers. With specific improvements, for example, Netflix, film watchers can stream motion pictures from the solace of their own home. While Disney recently settled an understanding that qualified the Disney Company for authorizing expenses, those charges didn't join individuals that had the option to get to motion pictures on the web. As indicated by an online article entitled, Disney May Raise Costs for Netflix, 2010, Disney is worried that they will pass up noteworthy authorizing income as the quantity of Netflix endorsers that watch motion pictures online through Netflix’s spilling administration increments. The circumstance among Disney and Netflix could prompt an immediate effect on expenses and deals for both Disney and Netflix. Be that as it may, concentrating essentially on the effect the Disney Company, the impacts could be increasingly radical. One situation is the gatherings don't agree as to the gushing expenses Disney needs to charge Netflix and the organizations suspend business. Netflix will no longer give Disney motion pictures to lease, this could prompt a reduction in potential deals and free promoting for Disney. One might say that Netflix clients will choose from a the rest of the choice of motion pictures accessible, in any case, as indicated by the article, the probability is that Netflix will haggle with The Disney Company so there are no restrictions put on the measure of gushing video Netflix can offer . This will really expand the present procurement costs for Netflix at an expected steady one percent obtaining cost. There will be a positive effect on deals for Disney because of the extra charges ready to be gained through appending expenses to the web based spilling content. Because of rebuilding and making various offices inside Disney, the organization’s money related arranging is productive. The association has distinguished monetary objectives, organized those objectives, and built up a money related arrangement by utilizing the inheritance data to decide the organization’s budgetary figure. The association centers around key connections that will give extra assets to the business, and make a positive benefit. The vital arranging division was destroyed to make a progressively productive activity. The association utilized essential data made by the vital arranging division to have a gainful future. The key arranging unit was formed by Mr. Eisner and others at Disney to make a unique pressure between the units and the corporate suite. However, as the specialty units became throughout the years, the officials who ran them scraped under key plannings oversight. † (Holson, 2005) The Walt Disney Company is the universes biggest media co mbination, with resources incorporating motion pictures, TV, distributing, and amusement parks, concentrating on key connections that will gracefully strengthening capital for the organization, and create a useful salary while consolidating it enchantment with Netflix’s and other up and coming organizations. The Walt Disney Company is the most successful associations in the act of vital arranging. These associations not just profit by building and executing an arrangement, however they advantage structure the point of view itself. An arrangement is a roadway to progress, and the arranging procedure means authoritative initiative and uplifts the correspondence of critical organization data. Today’s shaky market requests that representatives, work gatherings, and associations have a conceivable thought of their jobs, items and administrations the Walt Disney Company brings to the table, just as the procedures the organization use to discover the method of chance to make a result based association culture. Consolidating Strategic arranging, sway cost and deals, and the dangers that come mind them The Disney Company has figured out how to remain on top structure numerous inns and resorts for families and those youthful on a basic level with an amazing rush with additional to come. References Disney may raise pricesfor netflix. 2010. recovered October 16, 2010 from http://seekingalpha. com/article/186250-disney-may-raise-costs-for-netflix Holson, L. (2005, March 26). Disney Intends To Overhaul Planning Unit. New York Times, p. C2. Recovered on October 16, 2010, from Apollo online library: EBSCO have database Keown, A. , Martin, J. , Petty, J. , Scott, D. (2005). Money related Management: Principles and Applications, Tenth Edition. Pearson Prentice Hall The Walt Disney Company. (2005). Disney Corporate. Recovered on October 16, 2010, from http://corporate. disney. go. com database

The Iran Iraq War And the Superpowers - Free Essay Example

The Iran Iraq War and the Superpowers The Iran-Iraq war was a conflict that spanned about eight years which started with the Iraqi armys cross of the Iran-Iraq border and Irans response to this trespass. The leader responsible for the Iraqi intrusion was president Saddam Hussein, his Iranian counterpart was Ruhollah Khomeini. Khomeini propagated the overthrow of the Iraqi government, and instilled the idea of revolutionary war to the people of Iraq. Khomeinis vision for a united nation was that under him, the union would be brought together under the religion of Islam. This brought on acts of domestic terrorism carried out by Iranian Shiites called on by Khomeini. In Husseins eyes, Khomeinis arrival in Iraq meant a threat to his rule and so war was the only option. The root of the problem began with the Algiers Accords that would have settled some territorial disputes over that Iran-Iraq border, access to waterways and avoid the meddling of either country with each others domestic affairs. As for the U.S., while they looked down in disapproval at Khomeinis Iran, they didnt feel a close relation with Iraq, the fact that the U.S. believed Iraq began the war didnt make matters any better. When Hussein was asked to remove Khomeini from Iraq under the clause against meddling, Khomeini disregarded the clause as an secret understanding between Iraq and the U.S. and went into Iraq anyways, thus beginning a war he didnt realize how many lives and how much money it would cost the middle east. Irans wish for an islamic union caused the ayatollah to continue pushing for terrorism in an Iraq with extremist groups, this threatened American interests due to the frozen assets they held for the Islamic Republic of Iran and a previous connection with Iraq . With the USSR so close to Iran and Iraq, the U.S.s policy towards containment of communism drove Reagans administration to call for other countries of the middle east in support against the USSR. The Reagan Doctrine would support third world countries that held anti-communist views, this was the push-back aimed toward keeping the USSR to their own, therefor making them back either of the two countries that did not partake in the Reagan Doctrine. Iraq was pro-soviet and Iran wasnt warming up to America but per usual, the U.S. needed to take care of its individual economic interests and so when the war was at its beginnings, the declared neutrality. There were two instances where the U.S. had fallen under attack by islamic extremist groups, both resulting in casualties. The detail that dictated who the U.S. would prefer in this war was that both of these extremist groups who had attacked marine barracks and an embassy were funded by the Islamic Republic of Iran. From then on, the U.S. would assist Saddam Hussein in war against Iran by helping with combat and air attack planning, providing arms, and figuring out the location of Iranian troops with technology not readily available to the Iraqis like satellite imaging. Through the conflict, it is that the U.S.s relations with Iraq changed for the better short-term, they were removed from a terrorist-supporting list and they were beginning to be viewed as the tool, (not ally) against Iran. About halfway through the war, the embassies supplying the arms for this war were asked to halt their assistance in this manner due to the worldwide effort of bringing the Iran-Iraq war to an end. This war not only led to the devastation of many lives, but many other countless events connected to it. An example of this would be the fact that the United States was suspected by both Iraqis and Iranians of manipulating both parties. The United States reached out to both Iran and Iraq in secrecy during the war in hopes of building a strategic partnership. The Iran-contra affair between the US and Iran, otherwise known as the arms-for-hostages policy, was one of the main reasons Iraqis believed the United States was playing on both sides of the conflict. The arms-for-hostages policy was a major political scandal in which the United States sold weaponry to Iran in secrecy in hopes of the release of the US hostages. This major political scandal took place during the second term of the Reagan administration. Reagan was featured on national television in order to speak about the weapons sales, which had become public in November of 1986. He did not deny Iran receiving weapons from the United States, but stated that no hostages were obtained from the affair. The ongoing investigation on the affair was obstructed after large amounts of documents that addressed the scandal had been destroyed or withheld by officials in the Reagan administration. Reagan made another appearance on national television in March of 1987. During this televised announcement he took full responsibility of what had happened and made it clear that the original intention was to form a strategic plan in order to get the US hostages back, but it unfortunately turned into a major political scandal in the process. In 1987, the Reagan administration brought forth an executive order that would compromise trade with Iran; said executive order banned imports coming from Iran in order to hinder the sponsoring of terrorists from extremist groups. In another attempt to hurt Irans financial goods, Iraq destroyed some of Irans oil reserves therefore bringing down one of their main sources of income that helped fund both the war and the terrorist groups that were affiliated with them. During the time of the war France, a superpower during this time, ultimately sided with Iraq. They were one of the top two weapon providers for Iraq behind the USSR and in front of China. The French government feared that if they publically decided to side with Iraq over Iran they would break any friendly alliance they had with Iran and cause violence from Iranians. They were in the middle of deciding between keeping the arms trade and industrial relations with Iraq and breaking the trust and bond they had with Iran. Eventually, the Minister of Foreign Affairs spokesperson spoke about the issue and stated that the commercial relations they had with Iraq did not dictate the trust and bond they shared with Iran. Though the French government had hoped this announcement would reassure both Iran and Iraq that France was not making an enemy out of either side, Iranian representatives flew to Paris and warned them that any further commercial connections with iraq would lead to the end of any relations between Tehran and Paris. France then responded by giving their full dedication and support to Iraq. The Iran-Iraq war lasted a total of eight years. On July 12, 1988 Saddam Hussein ordered the launch of operation Tawakalna ala Allah towards Dehloran. The Iraqis attacked Iranian sectors and recaptured their oil field frontiers, which had been held by Iranians for longer than 5 years. At nightfall, they captured Dehloran, which allowed them the control of a large bridgehead. With the significant amount of territory gained, Saddam Hussein threatened the capital of Iran, Tehran. He stated that if the Iranian army did not extract from Iraqi Kurdistan they would take control of Irans oil wells. That night Iranian leaders decided it would be best to oblige to the orders of Hussein since they were not left with enough men or equipment to fight back, their weakness showing was the last thing they needed. Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani announced the extraction of his his troops from Iraqi Kurdistan on July 15. The next day the rest of Iranian troops receded back to home territory. On July 17, Hussein gave a list of conditions that the opposing party would have to agree on in order to end the war and begin peace. He asked for direct negotiations, immediate cleanup of the Shatt al-Arab, free navigation for Iraq in the Gulf, an end to the attacks on maritime traffic, and a prisoner exchange. At this time, Saddam Hussein ordered his Iraqi troops out of the conquered territory in Iran as an act of peace. Saddam Hussein agreed to order a ceasefire with the exception that Tehran recognized all the terms. When Hussein did this he brought validity to the Algiers Accord, which resulted in the end of the Iran-Iraq war. The Iranian government agreed to all the terms in exchange for a ceasefire. Iraqis began to withdraw slowly after the announcement that the Iranian government would agree to the terms. On August 20, 1988, seven years and 11 months after the start of the war, the ceasefire agreement became effective. Though this marked the ending of the war it did not mean the ending of all problems for the two parties. The Iran-Iraq war is considered one of the most expensive wars fought both in finances and human capital. The part the U.S. played was that of the duplicitous party, they not only openly supported the war on Iraqs side in order to look after their own interests, but The Reagan administration also assisted the opposing side by trading arms in exchange for hostages but not only failed at it, they also happened to be exposed leading to the discovery that they had helped continue the war and possibly even the sponsoring of the extremist groups they themselves were trying to dismantle.

The straw man in the standardized testing debate

Frank Bruni wrote  a column in yesterdays  The New York Times, in which he expounded on the virtues of college admission committees decisions to look past marginal test scores in a handful of underprivileged applicants in order to diversify their classes. Depending on your perspective, what Bruni describes  can either be construed as a noble undertaking or the  symptom of a corrupt system that unfairly disadvantages hardworking, middle-class  applicants, but Im actually not concerned with that particular debate here. Rather, my issue with Brunis column is that it  perpetuates a common straw man argument in the debate over college admissions namely, that test scores have traditionally been  the be-all end-all of the admissions game, and that only now are a handful of intrepid admissions officers are willing to look past less-than-stellar scores and consider other aspects of a students application.   Bruni is the author of  Where You Go is not Who Youll Be,  a book that very validly  emphasizes  the questionable  relationship between name-brand colleges and overall success in life, but in terms of actual admissions,  his  authority appears to stem primarily from the  fact that he turned down Yale to attend the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and still managed to land a job as a columnist at the  Times. Although hes generally familiar with the field, he is not  actually an expert in admissions the way, say, Paul Krugman is an expert in economics. As a result, its hardly a surprise that he misrepresents some of  the issues at play. In short, what is news to Bruni is a long-established practice known as  holistic admissions a practice that  was, incidentally, introduced in the  1920s, when the Ivies first decided to consider character  in order to limit the number of Jews. Since then, the purpose of evaluating applicants according to factors beyond grades and test scores has  changed again and again, but colleges continue to select  students  according to their particular set of institutional needs be it diversity, donors, athletics, or physics  research   and test scores play a role in that process only insofar as they garner universities freshman classes  with the desired characteristics. For example,  a major reason  for inflating scores on the new SAT was presumably to allow colleges that arent quite ready to go test-optional to admit more  applicants from under-represented demographics without compromising their USNWR rankings. The College Board has danced around this fact with v arious euphemisms about opportunity, but it is difficult not to conclude that  this type of demographic manipulation was not a driving force.   For at least four  decades, though, admissions committees willingness to  give disadvantaged applicants a boost has had a very real effect  on thousands of students life-altering effects, in many cases. When people attack colleges for relying too heavily on test scores, theyre obviously  thinking of all the other thousands of applicants who didnt get that boost. Whats interesting (but not at all surprising), though, is that the other  side of the argument is almost never considered   that is, the students who are given every advantage but who never achieve scores anywhere remotely what they would need to be competitive applicants at top colleges  are rarely mentioned. Yes, the majority of students achieving high scores are well-off, but it does not follow that every well-off student achieves high scores. As Ive pointed out before, the  lowest-scoring students I worked with tended to be  from the wealthiest families.   As a result, I  left Mr. Bruni the following comment,  which can be viewed  here (and which, might I add, was selected as a  Times top pick!): Frank, With all due respect, what you describe in this column is holistic admissions, which has long been the policy at the vast majority of selective private colleges in the United States. Theres a reason that schools do not publish and, to the best of my knowledge, have not ever published official cut-off scores for applicants. Admissions committees are well aware that applicants come from a wide range of socio-economic backgrounds, and that some applicants face far more obstacles than others. That said, what about the opposite end of the spectrum, e.g. a student who has spent 10+ years in a $40K/year Manhattan private school and whose parents have doled out an additional $10K or more for tutoring, but who can barely break 600 on any section of the (old) SAT? These numbers are not exaggerations, by the way: I tutored students in that demographic for a considerable period, and some of them could not in fact achieve scores that would make them even remotely competitive at most top-25 or s o schools. (In case anyone is wondering, money and connections only get you so far). Some of those students were reasonably bright and hardworking, but their scores were also very accurate reflection [sic] of their academic limitations. The fact that there is a correlation between scores and family income does not in itself mean that scores cannot provide an important piece of information when considered in their full context. The real problem is that test scores mean such different things for different applicants. Sometimes they reveal an awful lot, and sometimes very little.   In my experience, scores for the most privileged applicants do tend to be a roughly accurate reflection of what those students know.   A slew of 750+ scores  from a student at a top  private school is  by no means indicative of brilliance, but 500/600-range scores from a student at the same school are usually a sign that there are some real gaps. Thats a  significant  piece of information for an admissions committee to have when evaluating those students against their classmates,  as well  30,000 other applicants.   On the other hand, how is a  committee supposed to judge 500-range test scores in an applicant from an academically marginal  school  and a single-parent household with an income of less than $20,000/year?  It would be obtuse to believe that that applicants scores did not also reveal some gaps (even though  500-range scores are actually quite an achievement in that context); but the question is  what sort of potential other aspects of the application reveal, whether  and to what extent they outweigh the test scores, and whether the college has the resources in place to help that student catch up academically to his or her peers.   The fragmented nature of the American school system and the relationship  between real-estate prices and school quality ensures that these are not apples-to-apples comparisons. Theyre not even apples-to-bananas comparisons. Theyre more like apples-to-skyscrapers comparisons. Scores are not everything. Admissions officers  know this. They struggle with these kinds of calculations every for day, for months, and in the end they just cant take everyone. Exactly  what  role test scores should play in the process  is  up for debate. But to suggest that everyone has  just been  playing a straightforward numbers game all long†¦ well thats just not true.

How to Get Started on a Literature Review

If you are an undergraduate or graduate student, there is a good chance that you will be asked to conduct at least one literature review during your coursework. A literature review is a paper, or a part of a larger research paper, that reviews the critical points of current knowledge on a particular topic. It includes substantive findings as well as theoretical and methodological contributions that others bring to the subject. Its ultimate goal is to bring the reader up to date with current literature on a topic and usually forms the basis for another goal, such as future research that needs to be done in the area or serves as part of a thesis or dissertation. A literature review should be unbiased and does not report any new or original work. Starting the process of conducting and writing a literature review can be overwhelming. Here are a few tips on how to get started that will hopefully make the process a little less daunting. Determine Your Topic When choosing a topic to research, it helps to have a clear understanding of what it is you want to research before setting out on your literature search. If you have a very broad and general topic, your literature search is likely to be very lengthy and time-consuming. For example, if your topic was simply â€Å"self-esteem among adolescents,† you will find hundreds of journal articles and it would be nearly impossible to read, comprehend, and summarize every one of them. If you refine the topic, however, to â€Å"adolescent self-esteem in relation to substance abuse,† you will narrow your search result significantly. It is also important not to be so narrow and specific to where you find fewer than a dozen or so related papers. Conduct Your Search One good place to start your literature search is online. Google Scholar is one resource that I think is a great place to start. Choose several keywords that relate to your topic and do a search using each term separately and in combination with each other. For example, if I searched for articles related to my topic above (adolescent self-esteem in relation to substance abuse), I would conduct a search for each of these words/phrases: adolescent self-esteem drug use, adolescent self-esteem drugs, adolescent self-esteem smoking, adolescent self-esteem tobacco, adolescent self-esteem cigarettes, adolescent self-esteem cigars, adolescent self-esteem chewing tobacco, adolescent self-esteem alcohol use, adolescent self-esteem drinking, adolescent self-esteem cocaine, etc. As you start the process you will find that there are dozens of possible search terms for you to use, no matter what your topic is. Some of the articles that you find will be available through Google Scholar or whichever search engine you choose. If the full article is not available via this route, your school library is a good place to turn. Most college or university libraries have access to most or all academic journals, many of which are available online. You will likely have to go through your school’s library website to access them. If you need help, contact someone at your school’s library for assistance. In addition to Google Scholar, check your school’s library website for other online databases that you could use to search for journal articles. Also, using the reference list from articles that you gather is another great way to find articles. Organize Your Results Now that you have all of your journal articles, it is time to organize them in a way that works for you so that you don’t get overwhelmed when you sit down to write the literature review. If you have them all organized in some fashion, this will make writing a lot easier. What may work for you is to organize my articles by category (one pile for articles related to drug use, one pile for those related to alcohol use, one pile for those related to smoking, etc.). Then, after you are done reading each article, summarize that article in a table that can be used for quick reference during the writing process. Below is an example of such a table. Begin Writing You should now be ready to begin writing the literature review. The guidelines for writing will likely be determined by your professor, mentor, or the journal you are submitting to if you are writing a manuscript for publication. Example of a Literature Grid Author(s) Journal, Year Subject/Keywords Sample Methodology Statistical Method Main Findings Finding Relevant to My Research Question Abernathy, Massad, and Dwyer Adolescence, 1995 Self-esteem, smoking 6,530 students; 3 waves (6th grade at w1, 9th grade at w3) Longitudinal questionnaire, 3 waves Logistic regression Among males, no association between smoking and self-esteem. Among females, low self-esteem in grade 6 led to greater risk of smoking in grade 9. Shows that self-esteem is a predictor of smoking in adolescent girls. Andrews and Duncan Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 1997 Self-esteem, marijuana use 435 adolescents 13-17 years old Questionnaires, 12-year longitudinal study (Global Self-worth subscale) Generalized estimating equations (GEE) Self-esteem mediated the relationship between academic motivation and marijuana use. Shows that decreases in self-esteem associated with increases in marijuana use.

Corporate Social Responsibility Walmart - 1134 Words

Corporate social responsibility has two parts. First, CSR means a company should seriously consider the impact of its actions on society. Second CSR, requires that a company or individual be responsible for how their actions impact the society. Walmart is a corporation that some can defend does display CSR, while other can defend that it does not. Walmart was the epitome of what a retail chain store should be. Sam Walton took what he learned from the JCPenny model and transformed it into something better. He was responsible for the social responsibility innovations of the â€Å"Buy American† plan and the â€Å"Environmental Awareness† campaign. These innovations display how CSR was displayed by Walmart. The â€Å"Buy American† plan showed corporate responsibility because when Walton discovered that his company outsourcing was contributing to American job loses he devised a plan to showcase the domestically purchased merchandise that Walmart was now stocking. This was an ideal way to incorporate the second definition of CSR into the corporation because Walmart was considering the impact it had on the society. However, the corporate responsibility Walmart once tried to incorporate was lost when it became one of the largest purchasers of goods made over-seas, which in turn forced US manufacturers out of business. In early 2013, Walmart announced they would be buying American again, however, it is a struggle to find vendors that will meet Walmart’s price points. Walmart could have avoided thisShow MoreRelatedEthical Issues Of Walmart s Corporate Social Responsibility Using The Four Part Csr Model1052 Words   |  5 PagesWhat are the major ethical issues in the case? One of the most prevalent ethical issues in the Walmart case is their labor practice. There are several violations against Walmart regarding wages and work hours of its employees. â€Å"Its labor practices have been increasingly questioned. THe company has been accused of paying wages so low that workers cannot live off them, making employees work ‘off the clock’ without overtime pay, paying few and low benefits, and taking advantage of illegal immigrants†Read MoreWalmart Is The Worlds Largest Corporation1232 Words   |  5 PagesBackground Walmart is the world’s largest corporation. Though it started out as a single store in a small Middle America town, Walmart is now the largest private employer in the United States. To minimize operating costs and maintain low prices, Walmart pays relatively low wages, provides minimal employee benefits, and contracts with international manufacturing firms in the form of sweatshops. Further, Walmart’s aggressive marketing, its purchasing power and intent to provide very inexpensiveRead MoreSwot Analysis : Corporate Social Responsibility785 Words   |  4 PagesThe term â€Å"corporate social responsibility† (CSR), is described by the International Organization for Standardization (known as ISO) strategic advisory group on CSR as â€Å"a balanced approach† which organizations use to handle economic, social and environmental issues in order to benefit people, communities and society (ISO, 2002). Also, Burchell (2008: 252) believes that CSR has â€Å"the power to rebuild† the values of the contemporary corporation and the subsequent behavior and practice that such valuesRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility Essay882 Words   |  4 Pagesvariety of social issues and problems; some directly related to their operations, some are not. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) can be defined as â€Å"the actions of an organization that are targeted toward achieving a social benefit over and above maximizing profits for its shareholders and meeting all its legal obligations† (Ghillyer 78). If this is the case, establishing appropriate and practical ethical guidelines in the workplace seems to be a reasonable request as a basis for corporate operationsRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility Programs Work843 Words   |  4 PagesCorporate Social Responsibility Programs Work Benjamin Franklin said It takes many good deeds to build a good reputation, and only one bad one to lose it (Good Deeds Quotes. n.d.). Multinational corporations have operations in multiple countries which in turn brings together many cultures. Saying a multinational corporation has no moral or social responsibility to engage in corporate social responsibility (CSR) programs goes against what a company should strive to be. In recent years, firmsRead MoreWal-Mart Case Study on Csr1616 Words   |  7 Pagesaccording to Milton Friedman and utilitarianism. Also, it will discuss how the plans announced by Wal-Mart deal with the global responsibility. Moreover, how should government involve in this situation. Problem: Low-wages for the Employee 1. Milton Friedman According to Milton Friedman, an American economist and philosopher, the most important social responsibility of a corporation is to maximize profit for its owner- stockholder (Friedman, 1970). He suggested that if a corporation put the focusRead MoreAn Understanding Of Corporate Social Responsibility1343 Words   |  6 Pagesestablish an understanding of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Sustainability, Ethics and their applied application by a multinational corporation (MNC) like Walmart. This report is based on the case study ‘Walmart: Love, Earth ®Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ which identifies key points which are the criticism faced by the multinational corporation (MNC), business practices that are/were unethical and which ethical theories did/ do they violate and why do MNCs like Walmart address their social and environmental impacts. TheRead MoreCsr And How It Affects The Bottom Line1388 Words   |  6 Pagesmanufactured and how production effects the environment and the economic s tatus of their community. We cannot continue to mass produce without regard to our social responsibility. In this paper, I will show why there is a need for CSR and how this affects the bottom line. INTRODUCTION CSR is everyone’s business. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) refers to a business practice that involves participating in initiatives that benefit society, Liz Maw, CEO of nonprofit organization Net Impact, notedRead MoreThe Social Responsibility Of Wal Mart862 Words   |  4 Pages It is said that â€Å"The only social responsibility that there is, is to obey laws and pay taxes,† but according to Milton Friedman, â€Å"social responsibility is to increase profits.† This kind of responsibility also a form of giving back. Many people believe that the future of Wal-Mart is sustainability. Wal-Mart Stakeholders are the associates, otherwise known as employees, the suppliers, and the investors of this company. I believe that Wal-Mart is doing enough to become more sustainable both locallyRead MoreThe Pyramid Of Corporate Social Responsibility1262 Words   |  6 Pages It’s the responsibility of the top managers in an organization/business to conduct the business in accordance with the intent to follow all the company guidelines. In fact, this would allow the organization to make as much money as possible while maintain the basic rules of society, both of the embodied of the law and those of the ethical custom. In today’s business world any corporations who spend shareholder’s money if they invested any money in their company would be face with penalties and charges

Economic Essay 1 - 1017 Words

Economic Essay 1 Although the people of North and South Korea speak the same language, they have many different ideas and cultures that have developed after the two countries split apart. The market economy of South Korea has done a lot to improve the overall economy of the country, and the gross national product has been on the rise. The economy of North Korea has had many challenges, largely due to the self-reliant and closed economic system that they use. Overall, the government and economy of South Korea has been more prosperous and successful than North Korea. Much of this is due to the fact that in North Korea, they have a completely closed and centrally planned economic system which tends to inhibit their growth. The fact†¦show more content†¦Export goods is minerals, metallurgical products, manufactures (including armaments), textiles, agricultural and fishery products. Main export partners is China 42%, South Korea 38% and India 5% (2008). Import goods is petroleum , coking coal, machinery and equipment, textiles and grain. Main import partners is China 57%, South Korea 25%, Russia 3% and Singapore 3% (2008). Gross external debt is $12.5 billion (2001 est.). For public finances, revenues is $2.88 billion and Expenses is $2.98 billion. For the market economy system in South Korea, there are many type of statistics. GDP is PPP: $1.423 trillion (2010 est.), Nominal: $986.3 billion (2010 est.). GDP growth is 6.1% (2010). GDP per capita is PPP: $30,200 (2010 est.), Nominal: $20,265 (2010 est.). GDP by sector is agriculture (3.0%), industry (39.4%), services (57.6%) (2008 est.). Inflation (CPI) is 2.8% (2009 est.). Gini index is 31.3 (2007). Labour force is 24.37 million (2009 est.). Labour force by occupation is agriculture (7.2%), industry (25.1%), services (67.7%) (2008 est.). Unemployment is 3.7% (2009 est.). Main industries is electronics, automobile production, chemicals, shipbuilding, steel, textiles, clothing, footwear, food processing and treatment. Ease of Doing Business Rank is 16th. For external, Exports is $373.6 billion (2009). Export goods is semiconductors, wireless telecommunicationsShow MoreRelatedEconomics Week 1 Essay830 Words   |  4 PagesWeek 1 Assignment - Critical Analysis Questions – Chapters 1 amp; 2 Matthew Philip Wee Grantham University Chapter 1 3a. What method is used to ration goods in a market economy? How does this rationing method influence the incentive of individuals to supply goods, services, and resources to others? 3a. The method that is used to ration goods in a market economy is the price mechanism. This rationing method influences the incentive of individuals to supply goods, servicesRead MoreCCOT 1 -Economic Activity Essay703 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿CCOT Eurasia developed an integrated network of economic activity by the year 1200 C.E.. Between 1000 BCE and 1200 CE, it expanded greatly. The principle relied heavily on changes in trade networks, governmental alliances, religion and the continuity of warfare and social hierarchies. Trade networks are crucial to any economic scenario. They allow for the free flow of goods and services to be carried out over wide expanses of land and both within and throughout cultures. Examples of this are mostRead MoreIb Economics Commentary 1 - Microeconomics Essay807 Words   |  4 PagesCommentary #1 Syllabus Section: Section 1: Microeconomics Word Count: 749 Date commentary was written: October 26, 2012 Date article was published: May 20, 2012 Rebecca Bundhun, (October 19, 2012) Cost of summer getaways hit as air ticket prices rise, The National, http://www.thenational.ae/thenationalconversation/industry-insights/tourism/cost-of-summer-getaways-hit-as-air-ticket-prices-rise The cost of an airline ticket can fluctuate tremendously based on a number of factors. 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Individuals all workRead MoreManagerial Economics Applied Problems Chp 1 and 2 Essay examples667 Words   |  3 PagesChapter 1 – Applied Problem 1  §Ã‚  Ã‚  Explicit costs are  monetary costs  of using market-supplied resources.   Explicit Costs | | Cost of Products and Services | $355,000 | Selling Expenses | $155,000 | Administrative Expenses | $45,000 | Interest Expense | $45,000 | Legal Expenses | $28,000 | Income Taxes | $165,000 | Total Explicit Costs | $793,000 |     §Ã‚  Ã‚  Implicit costs are  non-monetary  costs of using owner-supplied resources.   Implicit Costs | | Forgone Salary | $175,000Read MoreAp Exam Essays1660 Words   |  7 PagesAP Exam Essays 2001-2010 2010 AP Exam Essays 1. In what ways did ideas and values held by Puritans influence the political, economic, and social development of the New England colonies from 1630 through the 1660s? 2. Analyze the political, diplomatic, and military reasons for the United States victory in the Revolutionary War. Confine your answer to the period 1775–1783. 3. Analyze the ways in which controversy over the extension of slavery into western territories contributed to the comingRead MoreThe Economizing Problem - and Its Direct Effect on the Economy at Large. a Short Essay from Islamic Perspective by Mustafa Aydemir V0.41664 Words   |  7 Pages   These Short Essays are partial fulfillment of Paper IE1001 of Part 1 of Certified Islamic Finance Professional (CIFP) [DRAFT V0.4] INCEIF Student Name: Mustafa Aydemir Student ID: 1200279 IE1001 Assignment in Islamic Economics - Short Essay No 1 by Mustafa Aydemir - Version 0.4.doc -1-     Bismillahirrahmanirrahim The economizing problem - And its direct effect on the economy at large. 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Different Analytical Processes Of Strategic Management

â€Å"Strategic management is a continuous process that involves attempts to match or fit the organization with its changing environment in the most advantageous way possible† (Digman, 1990, p.7). This clearly states the utmost importance strategic management plays in business environment making it a vital part to achieving company goals. Telecommunications industry is thriving, and in the recent years has advanced to an extraordinary level, therefore the major companies controlling this sector, such as Apple Inc. and Samsung have to compete with each other in order to stay in charge. The biggest challenge for the forthcoming years is to stay innovative and keep growing, â€Å"Telecom companies need to invest – expanding their footprint, updating technology and infrastructure, acquiring spectrum and funding RD. Companies that don’t, or can’t, maintain focus on rapid innovation may lose out to those that do.† (Wigginton, 2014). Throughout this essay I will attempt to critically analyse and examine three different analytical processes of strategic management, whilst using examples of companies such as Apple Inc. and Samsung, to illustrate the implications and outcomes such strategies may have on businesses. To do this I will concentrate on Johnson’s cultural web, Yip’s drivers of internationalisation and Brownman’s strategy clock processes. â€Å"The taken-for-granted nature of culture is what makes it centrally important in relation to strategy and the management of strategy† (Johnson etShow MoreRelatedLeadership Challenges In Analytics1669 Words   |  7 Pagesthe progression of competing in analytics, as there are no stock holders demanding change or pressuring executives to change direction. The ability for my company to compete in Analytics, like many, begins with the executives and their buy-in and strategic approach with data oriented decision making and business intelligence. My company expe rienced a change at the CEO level within the last 2 years and with that change brought in a CEO that appears to be more driven to compete in the realm of analyticsRead MoreCritical Value Of Analytics : The New Science Of Winning Essay957 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to Competing on Analytics: The New Science of Winning, the critical value of analytics is important in today’s forward-looking enterprises, especially in a new data age. Every company and organization should strive to become an analytical competitor. Competing on Analytics reveals how companies think about their data and their exploitation of that data. Also, it highlights how companies such as the Boston Red Sox, Netflix, Amazon.com, CEMEX, Capital One, and Harrah’s Entertainment use analyticsRead MoreE Commerce Giant : An Organization Is Defined As Measurement Of Strategy For The Business1695 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"An organisation is defined as analytical competitor when it uses analytics extensi vely and systematically to outthink and outexecute the competition.† Amazon.com is an America based e-commerce giant which has its headquarters in Seattle, Washington. It is the largest internet based retailer in the United States of America. Initially, it started with an online bookstore but soon it started extending its branches by selling DVDs, CDs, Video streaming and downloading, MP3 streaming and downloadingRead MoreDeveloping An Analytics Team Case Study Essay1606 Words   |  7 PagesDeveloping an Analytics Team Executive Summary Problem My company is a famous fruit dealer which has over 20 fruit physical stores all over New York City. We provide different kinds of fresh fruits to our customers with the best service. However, we noticed that our sales in winter experience a serious decline last winter due to the extremely cold weather which might make our clients reluctant to step out of their house and but fruits in our store. Therefore, the company is addressing some technologyRead MoreIn 1989, Howard Dresner Decided To ProposeBusiness Intelligence1177 Words   |  5 PagesIn 1989, Howard Dresner decided to propose business intelligence as a blanket term to describe the concepts and methods used to improve all business decision making by using different fact-based support systems. However, it was not until in the late 1990s that this usage became widespread. Critics often see BI as evolved from mere reporting of business added together with the advent of powerful and easy-to-use tools for data analysis. In this respect, it has often been criticized as a marketingRead MoreCase Study : An Sap Business Intelligence1692 Words   |  7 Pageswon a design award called Plus X Award 2014. So it was a huge project; took almost 6 months with the help of 16 consultants in the team from my company, which I have earned many valuable experiences. 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The most important part of a CRM strategy is to identify different typesRead MoreWhy Information Systems Are so Essential in Business Today1100 Words   |  5 PagesExplain why information systems are so essential in business today: Information systems are a foundation for conducting business today. In many industries, survival and the ability to achieve strategic business goals are difficult without extensive use of information technology. Businesses today use information systems to achieve six major objectives: operational excellence, new products, services, and business models, customer/supplier intimacy, improved decision making, competitive advantageRead MoreIn Analytics At Work: Smarter Decision, Better Results,1257 Words   |  6 Pagesmodel for developing analytical enterprise and leaders. The analytics sets a new trend of establishing or changing the business process. Organizations have started processing data from conceptual stage to program delivery stage. 3 PAGE ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS Our team came up with six learning outcomes which are significant for management to understand and should apply them to reality. 1. ANALYTICS AS A FOUNDATION OF BUSINESS PROCESS In modern times, an analytical experience optimizesRead MoreDefinition Of Total Quality Management750 Words   |  3 PagesGlossary Definition: TQM A core definition of total quality management (TQM) describes a management approach to long–term success through customer satisfaction. In a TQM effort, all members of an organization participate in improving processes, products, services, and the culture in which they work. ________________________________________ Total Quality Management TQM, also known as total productive maintenance, describes a management approach to long-term success through customer satisfaction.

Emergence of the Autonomous Car Technology

Question: Describe about the Emergence of the Autonomous Car Technology. Answer: Historical issues: The background of the study explains the emergence of the autonomous car technology. The first successful autonomous car was introduced in the market during the 1980 (Geiger et al., 2012). Since that time, several research organizations as well as corporations have worked relentlessly towards the development of the prototype autonomous cars. The advancement in the technologies in the automobile industry has led to the development of the autonomous car technology that can offer greater reliability as well as safety than the cars in earlier period. As per reports, the inattention of the driver can be considered as one of the most important factors that can lead to 25% of the road accidents. The use of the autonomous cars however can increase the level of safety and help in relieving stress by using the automatics. The driver of an autonomous car can pay less attention to different situations related to the road traffic and thereafter identify the signs of an approaching accident. Howev er, from the perspective of safety both the autonomous cars and the manual cars have no decisive benefit over one another. However, the emergence of the autonomous car technology is also free from criticism as it is believed that the refined system of engineering can also not be associated to the level of complexity of the human brain (Ota et al., 2012). Figure 1: Consumer Preference towards the autonomous car technology Source: (Operations Research and Financial Engineering, 2016). Several surveys conducted on the autonomous car technology reveal the fact that the more number of consumers trust driverless automated vehicles. Facts and figures on the matter indicate that more than half of the global population that is around 57% of the consumers worldwide prefer the automated cars (Advisory, Assurance, Tax, Transaction Services, 2016). The above figures indicate the country wise preference towards the driverless cars and want their kids to ride the same. Figure 2: Trend Indicators Source: (Operations Research and Financial Engineering, 2016) In addition to this, surveys and researches conducted by UN World Urbanization Prospects, Navigant Research and many others reflects the fact that the introduction of the autonomous vehicles has brought about a paradigm shift to the entire mobility ecosystem. The researchers conducted by different agencies worldwide reveals the fact 95% of the road accidents are primarily caused due to the different human errors. Furthermore, there are several other reasons that have initiated the need and the preference for the Autonomous Car Technology (Inventivio - Innovative Software Products, 2016). Timeline of the driverless shows that the introduction of the automated cars was first introduced in the market during 1939 at the time when General Motors first presented the concept. Thereafter the concept further evolved with emergence with more advanced technologies. The diagram below explains the gradual evolution of the autonomous car technology with time. Figure 3: Timeline of the evolution of the driverless car technology Source: (Inventivio - Innovative Software Products, 2016). Impact of the environment Political As rightly put forward by Beiker (2012), the political factors affecting the car industry concentrates on the primary rules and regulations, laws, measures of security and at the same time different restrictions that can be implemented to the industry as a whole. The government interventions depend on several situations and encompasses around lowering levels of taxes, rates of interest and the economic devaluation. The government in United States upholds the technological advancements to improve overall economic circumstances. For instance, Ford uses government incentives for supporting environment friendly products as well as sustainability. The developing nations also require political intervention for the development of the infrastructure especially the transportation infrastructure for increasing the demand for these technologically advanced vehicles (Jo et al., 2015). The governing units of United States normally do not prohibit the introduction of the automated vehicles. Howeve r, the District of Columbia has enforced laws that adequately address the operations of the autonomous vehicles. Again, the Nevada Legislature passed different laws in order to authorize the process of utilizing the autonomous cars. In accordance to the law, the governing units such as the laid down by the Nevada Department of Motor Vehicles is responsible for setting safety and performance standards and the agency is responsible for designating areas where autonomous cars may be tested (Floreano Wood, 2015). Economic The economic factors that affect the autonomous car industry include the growth rate of the US economy, high rate of growth of different developing markets and the strengthened value of dollar (Anderson et al., 2014). The economic factors are dissimilar and are associated to different rate of exchange, global economical growth and different business settings that in turn affect the industry. The high rate of cars manufactured at a particular period of time can lead to an increase in the revenue and development of new and advanced products. The automobile industry in the country faced a surplus of approximately 80% capacity during the year 2004 that again froze to 1.4 billion euro of the automobile sector (Anderson et al., 2014). Again, the prices of the automobile industry have not decreased much owing to the fall in the rate of inflation. A crucial factor that affects the external price elasticity is reliance on oil. In addition to this, the high prices of petrol do not lead to a decrease in demand of automobiles as more number of cars is fuelefficient. The autonomous cars are nowadays more fuel efficient than the older products and offers the consumers an opportunity to save money. Furthermore, the currency alterations have an immense impact on the overall competitiveness as well as supplies of the selected products and services in this increasingly developing global m arket. Social The social factors that affect the autonomous car industry include the alterations in the culture, tastes and preferences, demographics, pattern of purchasing and capacity among many others. The social factors that affect the autonomous car industry include: Outlook of the consumer towards the label of the autonomous car Demographics of the consumers. For instance, a person having a big family can prefer a big and spacious car to suit the entire family (Kritayakirana Gerdes, 2012). Changes in the purchasing pattern of the consumers are also affected by the economic recessions. The economic recessions affect the entire market and at the same time affect the purchasing power of the consumers. Technological The technological factors that are associated to the autonomous car industry include the following: technology involved in the process of reduction of the emissions of the CO2 and the reduction of the overall speed of the loss of the battery The autonomous cars that can successfully detect surroundings can make use of the advanced techniques that include the radar, GPS, computer vision, lidar as well as GPS among many others The autonomous cars that maintain self control can appropriately interpret different sensory information for the purpose of identification of the navigation paths, barriers as well as applicable signage. Environmental The technological innovations associated to the autonomous cars can lead to improvement of the lives of people in the society. However, the autonomous cars or else the driverless vehicles can affect the entire environment of the society (Geiger et al., 2012). The autonomous cars can be represented as the scene as well as the possible solution to different climate alteration. However, the developed nations were ultimately successful in curbing the rate of carbon emissions and penetrate into an innovative paradigm of eco-friendly path technology. Moral and ethical issues In case of the autonomous cars, the drivers are compelled to arrive at moral as well as ethical decisions that can influence both the safety of their own and that of the others. The drivers also need to operate faster than the speed limit to remain consistent with the traffic flow. The practical factors and moral elements in the process of decision making make use of combination of different sensors as well as pre-programmed judgment in order to evaluate and at the same time react to diverse situations. The different situations include sharing paths with different other cars or vehicles, pedestrians and many others. Therefore, drivers in the autonomous cars can take into consideration the concerns among different technologists as well as ethicists (Beiker, 2012). Cultural Implications The autonomous car technology has brought about a change in the society form of mobility. The driverless cars have radically altered the cities and have introduced new forms of business as well self employment opportunities. Nowadays, the driverless cars can be used for saving the gas as well as electricity by carrying a package on the roads, advertiser sponsored trips and many others. The self driving cars have also generated a new car culture as these cars have become a place to live in and not merely a device that can carry people from one place to another. Consumers can use the high quality music systems, speakers; enjoy the benefit of teleconferencing, gain the advantage of wireless plans based on cars provided by different carriers as well as Wi-Fi providers. The technologically advanced cars have changed the entire trips of the cars. The families have also become more furnished to take pleasurable trips and sit in silence and stay connected to different devices. Again, the sel f-driving car owners can subscribe to different specially made tours generated by others. The earlier generations utilized cars for different make-out sessions at drive-in theatres; however, the next generations can possibly hook up at the time people are driving. Conclusion and Recommendation In conclusion it can be said that the autonomous car industry is immensely affected by different components of the environment that include the political, social and cultural, economic, technological as well as environmental. At the beginning, the present study elucidates in detail the background or else the historical issues associated to the emergence of the autonomous cars in the market. Consequently, the present study illustrates different factors of the environment that exerts immense impact on the overall industry of autonomous cars. Different facets of the business environment therefore help in understanding that the autonomous car industry can help in creation of revolution of the transportation industry both economically as well as culturally. References Advisory, Assurance, Tax, Transaction Services. (2016).Ey.com. Retrieved 1 August 2016, from https://www.ey.com Anderson, J. M., Nidhi, K., Stanley, K. D., Sorensen, P., Samaras, C., Oluwatola, O. A. (2014).Autonomous vehicle technology: A guide for policymakers. Rand Corporation. Beiker, S. A. (2012). Legal aspects of autonomous driving.Santa Clara L. Rev.,52, 1145. Floreano, D., Wood, R. J. (2015). Science, technology and the future of small autonomous drones.Nature,521(7553), 460-466. Geiger, A., Lenz, P., Urtasun, R. (2012). Are we ready for autonomous driving? the kitti vision benchmark suite. InComputer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2012 IEEE Conference on(pp. 3354-3361). IEEE. Inventivio - Innovative Software Products!. (2016).Inventivio.com. Retrieved 1 August 2016, from https://www.inventivio.com Jo, K., Kim, J., Kim, D., Jang, C., Sunwoo, M. (2015). Development of autonomous carPart ii: A case study on the implementation of an autonomous driving system based on distributed architecture.IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,62(8), 5119-5132. Kritayakirana, K., Gerdes, J. C. (2012). Autonomous vehicle control at the limits of handling.International Journal of Vehicle Autonomous Systems,10(4), 271-296. Operations Research and Financial Engineering. (2016).Orfe.princeton.edu. Retrieved 1 August 2016, from https://orfe.princeton.edu Ota, Y., Taniguchi, H., Nakajima, T., Liyanage, K. M., Baba, J., Yokoyama, A. (2012). Autonomous distributed V2G (vehicle-to-grid) satisfying scheduled charging.IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,3(1), 559-564.

Her Lifestory free essay sample

Now you can see how successful Concepcion Baylock is. At the age of 12 the young Concepcion was already away from her family and lived with her relatives in order to have a good education. Living with her relatives is not that easy, she had to do the household chores for them to let her stay, and she goes to school at the same time. At a very young age Concepcion showed her diligence in everything she does. When the time her grandparents took her, Concepcion’s life changed because they treat her nicely and they were good to her. However she still tried to help doing the chores because she wanted to thank them, in that simple way she showed her grandparents how thankful she is. As a teenager Concepcion supposed to be hanging out with her friends going to movies, parties, and outings. However she missed this, she would rather save her money that was given by her grandparents. We will write a custom essay sample on Her Lifestory or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page She doesn’t even buy new things. When she was still in her senior years in high school she already worked by teaching grade school student. Later on she worked as a telephone operator in the United States Naval force in Subic. While she was working she married an irresponsible man, he just let Concepcion doing all the work. Good thing Concepcion successfully gets out of this marriage. She had a child with this unsuccessful marriage. Years later, Concepcion married again with an American who she had a four children. He is the one who helped her to put up her first business, they had a jeepney and taxi concession. When her business succeeded she put up her second business a four-storey hotel, which later on turned out to be a combined hotel, night club, and restaurant. Her ventures succeeded, but she remembers that before she married her second husband she faced many disapproval regarding in her plan f having a business. She never let this bring her down, despite she used this as challenge to pursue more. Concepcion was not still contented; she pursue her education in Manila. She managed to raise her children and run a business at the same time while she was studying. She had a very hectic schedule; she only had around four hours of sleep every day. After she finished her degree in commerce, she proceed to law, and then to a master’s in public administration, and a doctorate in commerce. Concepcion Blaylock is now a president and chairman of Diamond Motors Corporation. As an entrepreneur and a manager Conception knows how to deal with different type of people. She knew how to treat her people properly. She never hesitates to help them, especially those who showed loyalty to her and to the business. She never forgets to credit the companies who trust her. She always makes sure to maintain their trust to her. She never abused her creditor, who trusts her. Today, when Concepcion Blaylock looks back at her past she was very thankful for such an experience that she had. She was very grateful with the things that challenged her more to do more and thought her to be strong. A. Cultural Values| Manifestation of the Value| 1. Frugality (katipiran)| As a child, she saved money rather than buy new things; as an adult, did not immediately buy a car even though she can afford it. | 2. Risk taking (lakas ng loob)| She pursue her plan of having a business even though she knew that she don’t have any formal orientation in running a business. | 3. Amor Propio (utang na loob)| She never hesitates helping her staff especially those who have proven loyalty and commitment. 4. Harmonious labor management relations| She makes it to a point to compensate her people generously with profit sharing schemes and other benefits. | 5. Diligence (sipag)| At a young age, she already attributed this trait, she do the housemaid works and study at the same time. | 6. Endurance (pagkamtiisin)| She was already away with her family at an early age, for her to have a good educ ation. She never let this be a reason for not to achieve her goals, instead she makes this as her inspiration. | B. As a Filipino we were brought up by our parents to have a sense of adventure (pakikipagsapalaran) that is big help in venturing a business. Filipinos were not afraid of trying new things , we intend to be a risk taker. We usually put in our mind that God will help us in everything we do, that is a â€Å"bahala na† attitude. â€Å"Bahala na† attitude is not that bad because we do our part, but we just hope for the guidance and help of God. We Filipinos are well known of having a good relationship to people such as being family oriented and â€Å"pakikipagkapwa†. Filipinos are naturally have a close family ties. This trait is a good thing when you are in a business. Our family serves as our strength because we knew that they will be always be there to support us. They are the one who inspires us to do our best. Filipinos also exhibits the trait of being good to the people around us. This trait really plays a big role in how Filipino entrepreneur manages their people very well. Yes, the Filipino culture and values that were instill in us really help in building our entrepreneurial spirit.

The Principles of Animalism Essay Example

The Principles of Animalism Paper The Principles of Animalism are the set of principles devised by Old Major in Animal Farm that all the animals are expected to live up to and follow. These include complete equality among the animals, and a rejection of human ways. During the tale, we see these principles progressively subverted by the pigs for their own agenda, which is to assume complete control of Animal Farm, while encouraging the other animals to believe that the equality still exists. Squealer, as the propagandist on behalf of the pigs, and the sheep and dogs as groups utilised by Napoleon to advance his ause, are used by the pigs to destroy Old Majors idealism. Squealer is used by Napoleon as a spin-doctor, to manipulate the truth and deceive the other creatures. We can see an example of this when the pigs start to subvert the principle of equality, and decide to keep the apples and milk to themselves. Obviously this arouses the animals because they are just about clever enough to see that this is not fair, and that the pigs are being greedy. However, Squealer is sent by the pigs to quell any unrest that might be brewing: Comrades! he cried. You do not imagine, I hope, that we pigs are oing this in a spirit of selfishness and privilege? Of course, this is exactly what the animals think, but when they are confronted in such a straightforward manner, with such a reproving tone behind the question, they cannot really reply, which gives Squealer the chance to begin his lies, which the animals believe just because they can acknowledge the fact that the pigs are cleverer than themselves. This use of a rhetorical question is Squealers main technique against the animals, as this type of question hides a threat of disapproval if answered, and so makes answer impossible: It was almost unbelievable, said Squealer, that any animal could be so stupid. We will write a custom essay sample on The Principles of Animalism specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Principles of Animalism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Principles of Animalism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Surely, he cried indignantly, whisking his tail and skipping from side to side, surely they knew their beloved Leader, Comrade Napoleon, better than that? Once he has thus silenced the animals, Squealer, can go on to say anything that he wishes to persuade them that everything is fine. Squealer will also support his rhetorical questions with a statement to make the animals feel guilty and shamed for ever doubting the pigs motives. Not only do they then drop their arguments, but they will take up a different train of thought ntirely: It is for your sake that we drink that milk and eat those apples. Now, as well as not being able to continue arguing, the animals will also have the new sense of gratification towards the pigs for their protection, thus making them less likely to argue in the future. Squealer is extremely clever, and so can exploit any of the animals weaknesses. One of these is their fear of the return of Jones who for them symbolises all the oppression that they were under in the past. By threatening the return of Jones, Squealer can make the animals more passive in their attitudes because in their minds Jones is the ultimate symbol of oppression and fear: surely there is no one among you who wants to see Jones come back? Now if there was one thing that the animals were completely certain of, it was that they did not want Jones back. Looking at their situation in such a light, the animals can romanticise that whatever is happening in their lives now, it cant be as bad as when they had no equality under Jones: But they were happy in their work; they grudged no effort or sacrifice, well aware that everything that they did was for the benefit of themselves False logic and facts are techniques that Squealer can use when talking to support what he is saying, but only because the animals are not educated. For example, he uses facts from subjects that they would clearly know nothing about because they cannot read. The animals have acknowledged the pigs intelligence over them, so they are prone to believe that the pigs know what they are talking about when in fact they do not, but are bluffing: Milk and apples (this has been proved by Science, comrades) contain substances absolutely necessary to the well-being of a pig. We pigs are brain-workers. Of course the animals have no basis or education to argue with Science, and so now in their minds, The importance of keeping the pigs in good health was all too obvious. The false logic that Squealer uses is often preposterous to the reader, as we can see where it breaks down and becomes sheer nonsense: A too rigid equality in rations, Squealer explained, would have been contrary to the principles of Animalism. However the animals are not able to make the same judgement because they have not developed completely logical thought yet. Often they need time to be able to gather heir thoughts, which Squealer does not give them by making his speeches long and conclusive. What makes Squealer such a good propagandist is his ability to control the animals thoughts by what he is saying. Nervous little skips from side to side, giving the appearance of anxiousness, is part of his act when he wants the animals to sense importance. In a way he acts as a bridge between the pigs and the animals, as he is pretending to be on their own level, while really just acting. He can make them believe this by calling them Comrades. He instils the trust in them, and then can xploit their belief in his truthfulness: Reading out the figures in a shrill, rapid voice, he proved to them in detail The animals believed every word of it. Whatever else is happening, and no matter how much the other pigs are distancing themselves, the animals will always trust Squealer to be giving them honest information. Napoleon uses the sheep to cause confusion and disrupt the animals train of thought. This is centred around their ability to be taught something and then repeat it for as long as desired. Because of a complete lack of intelligence on their part, they do ot actually have their own opinions on any matter, and even to teach them simple phrases takes its time. They are very useful though in quashing any signs of rebellion on the part of the animals, because they simply do not allow anyone to have any form of say by the sheer amount of noise they create: Frightened though they were, some of the animals might possibly have protested, but at this moment the sheep set up their usual bleating of Four legs good, two legs bad, which put an end to the discussion. The use of the sheep is here timed to perfection so that the animals have no way of rotesting against what the pigs are doing. This routine is thoroughly well planned by Napoleon so that he can do whatever he wishes without having to use Squealer or force (or in fact when he cant use Squealer, as when the pigs begin to walk on their hind legs- because they are now acting above the animals, Squealer is no longer a bridge). The sheep use simple slogans such as Four legs good, two legs bad, which are easy to remember and can be repeated over and over ad infinitum. In this way they usurp the animals right to free speech by denying them the opportunity to speak out. The timing of their bleating is co-ordinated by the pigs via secret signals and therefore disguised as coincidence. It was noticed that they were especially liable to break into Four legs good, two legs bad at the crucial moments in Snowballs speeches. The animals never realise that the pigs are controlling the sheep, it seems to them like chance whether the sheep will start bleating or not. They become accustomed to the sheep breaking in to calm any tensions: Then, as usual, the sheep broke into Four legs good, two legs bad! and the momentary awkwardness was smoothed over. This is the reason that the sheep are so successful in disruption; the animals are not aware that their timing has been orchestrated, and so do not realise that they will start their bleating at crucial moments. If they did they might be able to keep their key arguments in mind and then take up the issue at anothe r time. The other group of animals without any opinion is the dogs, who were taken away at birth by Napoleon to be secretly trained to respond to his command. They are very vicious, and seen by the other animals as being creatures who are completely nknown and alien. They quickly become the enforcement of order by brutal means, often killing, and so the animals quickly become afraid of them just as they are of humans. They attend the pigs wherever they go and prevent any form of argument with the threat of violence: But suddenly the dogs sitting round Napoleon let out deep, menacing growls, and the pigs fell silent and sat down again. Here the animals with the most chance of formulating an effective protest, some young pigs, are stopped in their protests at not being able to debate the running of the arm any more (the removal of free will from the animals) by the threat of force from the dogs. These same pigs are later targeted when the dogs serve a new purpose in executing animals who are apparently traitors to Animal Farm. The dogs influence quickly grows until they are on a par with the pigs in terms of importance and stature: Once again all rations were reduced, except those of the pigs and dogs. The dogs are needed in full health by Napoleon so that they can be a guarding escort for the important pigs, but they are more than that because they are Napoleons ersonal protection elite as well, and so hold more weight than a normal guard force would. They also start to help supervise the running of the farm, highlighting their difference to the other animals (they are not just being used): The dogs saw to it that these orders were carried out. The dogs are shown to be devoid of any personality, which contributes to the animals fear of them as it enforces their alien nature; they are thoughtless beings that exhibit no signs of compassion. When they kill, the animals are firstly horrified, but come to realise that they are easily capable of such things, and so a threat. Napoleon uses the dogs as a threatening force, a protection service and to get rid of potential troublemakers. These troublemakers are dispatched with intention, however there are also random killings that cause the animals much fear and distress. These random executions that begin are just a way of making all the animals live in fear of stepping out of line and of the dogs (their ruthlessness in killing their own kind is shocking to the animals). This fear means that they never dare to do anything other than go along with the pigs, because they know it will probably result in death for eing a traitor. All in all, the pigs use many methods with which to subvert the principles of Animalism. The use of fear is key to controlling the animals, and is used by both the dogs and Squealer, but in different ways; Squealer uses words to scare the animals into submission, while the dogs actually hold a force which they demonstrate regularly. Another method is that which is employed by the sheep, which is on the whole very different, yet very effective. By means of creating noise in the form of a repeated slogan, the sheep confuse the animals thoughts, and remove the opportunity or debate or argument. All of this goes towards making the animals passive in preparation for the final subversion of Animalism; the final great shift where the pigs make the transition from the animal to the human, the very same force that the animals strived to defeat and against whom they gained their independance in the first place (this shift meaning that all that the animals have done is worth nothing, as they are back where they started, perhaps with even less, as now they have no hope with which to console themselves; everything has been removed form them).